Costilla County, Colorado
Above the national median for unemployment — and 20.3× the rate of the healthiest U.S. county (Loving County, TX — 0%).
Main Findings
Costilla County, Colorado ranks 110th most distressed in the United States on the County Distress Index. The driver: 6% of the labor force is unemployed — above the national median of 4%.
- 110th of 3,144 counties on the County Distress Index — Most distressed fifth, 1st in Colorado.
- 6% of the labor force is unemployed (U.S. median 4%). Unemployment at the 95th percentile nationally.
- Rent-to-income ratio at 30% — national median 21%, ranked at the 95th percentile.
- Child poverty rate at 37% — national median 18%, ranked at the 95th percentile.
- Credit card delinquency at 11% — national median 5%, ranked at the 95th percentile.
Neighbors span three CDI distress fifths. The 26-point drop to Conejos County marks where the Colorado distress corridor ends.
"Costilla County ranks in the most distressed fifth of U.S. counties. The five-domain profile shows where local household pressure is most concentrated."
"The CDI places this county in the most distressed fifth nationally. The rank is the important geography signal: it compares the county with every other county-equivalent in the release."
Reporter's Notes
Two data points in the indicator table worth a follow-up call.
37% of children under 18 in Costilla County live below the federal poverty line, versus 18% nationally. When a county's adult poverty rate is accompanied by a materially higher child poverty rate, the gap typically reflects single-parent household concentration or limited access to workforce-participation supports (childcare, transportation). Worth a call to the local school district's free-and-reduced-lunch coordinator or a regional United Way affiliate.
The Indicators Behind Costilla County's CDI Score
Every number traces to a public source. Costilla County's value shown alongside CO's median and the U.S. median. Full CSV available for download.
| Indicator | Costilla | CO median | U.S. median | Pctile | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Delinquency — domain score 70 · Rank 843 of 3,144 | |||||
| Auto loan delinquency Share of auto loan accounts 60+ days past due | 8% | 3% | 5% | 83rd | Urban Institute (2024) |
| Credit card delinquency Share of credit card accounts 60+ days past due | 11% | 4% | 5% | 95th | Urban Institute (2024) |
| Subprime credit share Share of residents with a credit score below 660 | 20% | 19% | 23% | 33rd | Urban Institute (2024) |
| Default & Legal — domain score 59 · Rank 1,144 of 3,144 | |||||
| Debt in collections Share of residents with a credit file who have debt in collections | 31% | 15% | 23% | 77th | Urban Institute (2024) |
| Bankruptcy filing rate Personal bankruptcy filings per 100,000 residents | 110 | 113 | 126 | 41st | US Courts F-5A (2025) |
| Debt Burden (housing basis) — domain score 93 · Rank 89 of 3,144 | |||||
| Rent-to-income ratio Fair Market Rent (2BR) as share of median household income | 30% | 23% | 21% | 95th | HUD FMR × Census ACS (2024) |
| Severe rent burden (50%+) Share of renter households paying 50%+ of income on rent | 26% | 20% | 18% | 91st | Census ACS 5-yr (2023) |
| Labor — domain score 95 · Rank 153 of 3,144 | |||||
| Unemployment Share of labor force unemployed | 6% | 3% | 4% | 95th | BLS LAUS (Dec 2025) |
| Safety Net & Buffer — domain score 88 · Rank 121 of 3,144 | |||||
| Child poverty rate Share of children under 18 below the federal poverty line | 37% | 16% | 18% | 95th | Census SAIPE (2023) |
| Disability rate Share of residents reporting a disability | 24% | 12% | 16% | 94th | Census ACS 5-yr (2023) |
| Poverty rate Share of population below the federal poverty line | 23% | 11% | 14% | 92nd | Census SAIPE (2023) |
| Transfer-income dependency Share of personal income from government transfers | 48% | 22% | 27% | 95th | BEA Regional Personal Income (2023) |
| Uninsured rate Share of residents without health insurance coverage | 8% | 8% | 8% | 52nd | Census ACS 5-yr (2023) |
Five-Domain Breakdown
The CDI is an equal-weight composite of five family-v1 distress domains. Each domain contributes 20% of the county score.
Methodology
The County Distress Index is a 0–100 composite score of household financial distress, computed for all 3,144 U.S. counties. Higher scores indicate greater distress. The index is built from five equal-weighted domains: Delinquency, Default & Legal, Debt Burden, Labor, and Safety Net & Buffer. Each domain is the mean of distress-oriented indicator percentiles; the CDI score is the equal-weight mean of those domain scores.
Data sources include the Urban Institute Debt in America (Equifax consumer credit panel), U.S. Census Bureau (American Community Survey 5-year, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates, Business Formation Statistics), Bureau of Labor Statistics (Local Area Unemployment Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages), U.S. Courts Administrative Office (F-5A bankruptcy filings), and HUD Fair Market Rents. Data vintages range from 2023 to 2025 depending on source; full indicator-level vintage detail is in the methodology document.
For Press & Research
Everything you need to cite Costilla County data — in under 60 seconds.
Draft wire copy 145-word AP-style article — use freely with attribution
SAN LUIS, Colo. — Costilla County ranks 110th among the nation's most financially distressed counties, according to the County Distress Index released this month by American Default Research.
The composite score of 81 out of 100 places Costilla in the most distressed fifth. Among 3,144 U.S. counties scored, 109 counties rank more distressed. Within Colorado, Costilla ranks first of 64 counties.
The index, which draws on 16 source indicators from the U.S. Census Bureau, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Urban Institute and federal court filings, identifies labor as the primary driver in Costilla. 6% of the labor force is unemployed — above the national median of 4%.
"Costilla County ranks in the most distressed fifth of U.S. counties. The five-domain profile shows where local household pressure is most concentrated," said Ross Kilburn, founder of American Default Research.
Full methodology and county-by-county data are available at americandefault.org/methodology/cdi.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Costilla County's CDI score, and what does it mean?
What drives Costilla County's distress score?
How does Costilla County compare to its neighbors?
How is the County Distress Index calculated?
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