#207 Top 500 Most Distressed Counties · 2026

Refugio County, Texas

Most distressed fifth 207th of 3,144 counties nationally · 6,666 residents How this is calculated →
The headline number
38% Refugio residents
vs.
23% U.S. median

Above the national median for subprime credit share.

Urban Institute (2024)

Main Findings

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Refugio County, Texas ranks 207th most distressed in the United States on the County Distress Index. The driver: 38% of residents carry subprime credit (score below 660) — above the national median of 23%.

Key Findings
  • 207th of 3,144 counties on the County Distress Index — Most distressed fifth, 14th in Texas.
  • 38% of residents carry subprime credit (score below 660) (U.S. median 23%). Subprime credit share at the 93rd percentile nationally.
  • Unemployment at 5% — national median 4%, ranked at the 84th percentile.
  • Uninsured rate at 17% — national median 8%, ranked at the 92nd percentile.
  • Severe rent burden (50%+) at 28% — national median 18%, ranked at the 95th percentile.
Distinctive Signals
Labor–Credit Divergence

Unemployment is 5%, near the national median of 4%, while subprime credit share runs at the 93rd percentile. Jobs exist; wages don't close the gap.

Boundary Signal

Neighbors span three CDI distress fifths. The 29-point drop to Calhoun County marks where the Texas distress corridor ends.

County Distress Index cluster map. Refugio County, Texas and its neighbors colored by distress fifth.
Refugio and its 6 geographic neighbors, graded by County Distress Index score. Refugio County ranks 207th of 3,144. American Default Research
Wire quote — paste-ready, any angle 22 words

"Refugio County ranks in the most distressed fifth of U.S. counties. The five-domain profile shows where local household pressure is most concentrated."

— Ross Kilburn, Founder, American Default Research
Analyst quote — for feature use 29 words

"The CDI places this county in the most distressed fifth nationally. The rank is the important geography signal: it compares the county with every other county-equivalent in the release."

— Ross Kilburn, Founder, American Default Research

The Indicators Behind Refugio County's CDI Score

Every number traces to a public source. Refugio County's value shown alongside TX's median and the U.S. median. Full CSV available for download.

How to read the table. A domain score is a 0–100 composite of the indicators in that domain, where 50 = U.S. county median and higher = more distressed. Percentile is Refugio County's national rank among all 3,144 U.S. counties for that indicator, always oriented so higher = more distressed.
Indicator Refugio TX median U.S. median Pctile Source
Delinquency — domain score 88 · Rank 308 of 3,144
Auto loan delinquency Share of auto loan accounts 60+ days past due 10% 7% 5% 92nd Urban Institute (2024)
Credit card delinquency Share of credit card accounts 60+ days past due 7% 7% 5% 78th Urban Institute (2024)
Subprime credit share Share of residents with a credit score below 660 38% 32% 23% 93rd Urban Institute (2024)
Default & Legal — domain score 58 · Rank 1,200 of 3,144
Debt in collections Share of residents with a credit file who have debt in collections 39% 35% 23% 93rd Urban Institute (2024)
Bankruptcy filing rate Personal bankruptcy filings per 100,000 residents 75 78 126 22nd US Courts F-5A (2025)
Debt Burden (housing basis) — domain score 77 · Rank 479 of 3,144
Rent-to-income ratio Fair Market Rent (2BR) as share of median household income 22% 22% 21% 60th HUD FMR × Census ACS (2024)
Severe rent burden (50%+) Share of renter households paying 50%+ of income on rent 28% 17% 18% 95th Census ACS 5-yr (2023)
Labor — domain score 84 · Rank 522 of 3,144
Unemployment Share of labor force unemployed 5% 4% 4% 84th BLS LAUS (Dec 2025)
Safety Net & Buffer — domain score 79 · Rank 455 of 3,144
Child poverty rate Share of children under 18 below the federal poverty line 26% 22% 18% 83rd Census SAIPE (2023)
Disability rate Share of residents reporting a disability 21% 16% 16% 84th Census ACS 5-yr (2023)
Poverty rate Share of population below the federal poverty line 17% 15% 14% 72nd Census SAIPE (2023)
Transfer-income dependency Share of personal income from government transfers 32% 26% 27% 74th BEA Regional Personal Income (2023)
Uninsured rate Share of residents without health insurance coverage 17% 17% 8% 92nd Census ACS 5-yr (2023)
Data compiled April 2026 from Urban Institute Debt in America (Equifax 2024 panel), U.S. Census Bureau (ACS 5-yr 2023, SAIPE 2023, Business Formation Statistics 2024), Bureau of Labor Statistics (LAUS Dec 2025, QCEW 2024), U.S. Courts Administrative Office (F-5A bankruptcy filings 2025), and HUD Fair Market Rents (FY2024).

Five-Domain Breakdown

The CDI is an equal-weight composite of five family-v1 distress domains. Each domain contributes 20% of the county score.

Delinquency Primary driver 88
Weight 20% · Rank 308 of 3,144
Labor 84
Weight 20% · Rank 522 of 3,144
Safety Net & Buffer 79
Weight 20% · Rank 455 of 3,144
Debt Burden (housing basis) 77
Weight 20% · Rank 479 of 3,144
Default & Legal 58
Weight 20% · Rank 1,200 of 3,144

Methodology

The County Distress Index is a 0–100 composite score of household financial distress, computed for all 3,144 U.S. counties. Higher scores indicate greater distress. The index is built from five equal-weighted domains: Delinquency, Default & Legal, Debt Burden, Labor, and Safety Net & Buffer. Each domain is the mean of distress-oriented indicator percentiles; the CDI score is the equal-weight mean of those domain scores.

Data sources include the Urban Institute Debt in America (Equifax consumer credit panel), U.S. Census Bureau (American Community Survey 5-year, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates, Business Formation Statistics), Bureau of Labor Statistics (Local Area Unemployment Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages), U.S. Courts Administrative Office (F-5A bankruptcy filings), and HUD Fair Market Rents. Data vintages range from 2023 to 2025 depending on source; full indicator-level vintage detail is in the methodology document.

For Press & Research

Everything you need to cite Refugio County data — in under 60 seconds.

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Press contact: Ross Kilburn · press@americandefault.org · (307) 264-2992 · same-day response, 9am–6pm ET
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REFUGIO, Texas — Refugio County ranks 207th among the nation's most financially distressed counties, according to the County Distress Index released this month by American Default Research.

The composite score of 77 out of 100 places Refugio in the most distressed fifth. Among 3,144 U.S. counties scored, 206 counties rank more distressed. Within Texas, Refugio ranks 14th of 254 counties.

The index, which draws on 16 source indicators from the U.S. Census Bureau, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Urban Institute and federal court filings, identifies delinquency as the primary driver in Refugio. 38% of residents carry subprime credit (score below 660) — above the national median of 23%.

"Refugio County ranks in the most distressed fifth of U.S. counties. The five-domain profile shows where local household pressure is most concentrated," said Ross Kilburn, founder of American Default Research.

Full methodology and county-by-county data are available at americandefault.org/methodology/cdi.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is Refugio County's CDI score, and what does it mean?

Refugio County scores 77 out of 100 on the County Distress Index, placing it in the most distressed fifth. It ranks 207th of 3,144 U.S. counties and 14th of 254 Texas counties. Higher county scores indicate more distress.

What drives Refugio County's distress score?

The highest-scoring domain is Delinquency, at a domain score of 88. Subprime credit share ranks at the 93rd percentile nationally.

How does Refugio County compare to its neighbors?

Refugio County's neighbors span three CDI distress fifths. Highest-distress neighbor: Bee County (78.95, Most distressed fifth). Lowest: Calhoun County (50.08, Middle fifth).

How is the County Distress Index calculated?

The CDI is a 0–100 composite of 16 source indicators across five equal-weighted domains: Delinquency, Default & Legal, Debt Burden, Labor, and Safety Net & Buffer. Data comes from Urban Institute, Census Bureau, BLS, U.S. Courts, HUD, and related public sources. Full methodology →
Ross Kilburn
Written by

Ross Kilburn, Founder

Founder · American Default Research · Seattle, Washington

Two decades working directly with financially distressed American households — from property preservation in 2003, to negotiating over 1,000 short sales during the Great Recession, to foreclosure defense marketing today. Author, The Ark Law Group Complete Guide to Short Sales (Auroch Press, 2013). Founded American Default Research in 2026.

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