Legal Filings

Chapter 7 Bankruptcy Filings (YoY % Change)

Year-over-year change in Chapter 7 bankruptcy filings

What is the current Chapter 7 Bankruptcy Filings (YoY % Change)?

CHAPTER 7 FILINGS YOY CHANGE
15.3% ↓ Improving
year-over-year increase in Chapter 7 filings — accelerating for two consecutive years
One year ago
17.9% ↓ Improving
down 2.6 points since Q1 2025

Chapter 7 bankruptcy filings — the liquidation type where debtors surrender assets to eliminate debt — rose 15.3% year-over-year in the latest reading. Chapter 7 is the 'last resort' bankruptcy for households with no repayment capacity, making its growth a signal of severe financial distress beyond what loan modifications or payment plans can address. Source: American Bankruptcy Institute / Epiq.

Chapter 7 filings moved 15.3% in fiscal 2024, accelerating from 8.3% the prior year and outpacing the Chapter 13 repayment pathway.

Chapter 7 is the bankruptcy people file when the math no longer works.

There is no repayment plan. Non-exempt assets get liquidated by the trustee. Qualifying unsecured debt — credit cards, medical bills, personal loans — gets discharged. It's the option that says: the house is gone or was never there, the income can't support a plan, and the only path forward is to erase what can be erased and start over.

U.S. Courts data show Chapter 7 filings moved 15.3% in fiscal 2024, accelerating from 8.3% the prior year and well above the 10.0% growth in Chapter 13 Filings. The shift matters because it captures a composition change underneath the headline bankruptcy numbers: more households are crossing into total liquidation rather than attempting a payment plan.

Current filings sit closer to the pre-pandemic range than to the suppressed 2020-2021 period. The distress feeding it is visible upstream — Credit Card Delinquency still above pre-pandemic norms, Credit Card Charge-Offs at an elevated post-2011 pace, and Auto Delinquency back in the pressure stack.

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How has Chapter 7 Bankruptcy Filings (YoY % Change) changed over time?

CSV Chart Card
Chapter 7 filings are accelerating faster than Chapter 13
Year-over-year change in Chapter 7 bankruptcy filings, fiscal year, U.S. Courts
Chapter 7 Bankruptcy Filings (YoY % Change)
Historical data
Quarterly · Computed from U.S. Courts Table F-2 Bankruptcy Statistics
Period Value YoY Change
Q1 2026 15.3% −2.6 pts
Q4 2025 14.8% −4.1 pts
Q3 2025 15.5% −4.6 pts
Q2 2025 17% −2.2 pts
Q1 2025 17.9%
Q4 2024 18.9%
Q3 2024 20.1%
Q2 2024 19.2%

Frequently Asked Questions

How fast are Chapter 7 filings growing?

Chapter 7 bankruptcy filings increased 15.3% year-over-year in the latest data, indicating accelerating financial distress among households with no ability to repay debts.

What is Chapter 7 bankruptcy?

Chapter 7 is liquidation bankruptcy — debtors surrender non-exempt assets and most debts are discharged. It is chosen by households too financially distressed to enter a repayment plan (Chapter 13).

Where does this data come from?

Published by the American Bankruptcy Institute based on Epiq court filing data, tracked monthly.

Ross Kilburn
Written by

Ross Kilburn, Founder

American Default Research · Seattle, Washington

Two decades working directly with financially distressed American households — from property preservation in 2003, to negotiating over 1,000 short sales during the Great Recession, to foreclosure defense marketing today. Author, The Ark Law Group Complete Guide to Short Sales (Auroch Press, 2013). Twice named to Puget Sound Business Journal Fast 50 for Ark Law Group. B.A., University of California, Berkeley, 1992. Founded American Default Research in 2026 to fill a gap in public data that had been empty since 2013.

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Why does Chapter 7 Bankruptcy Filings (YoY % Change) matter?

Chapter 7 Bankruptcy Filings (YoY % Change) is one of 88 live indicators tracked by American Default Research. The methodology page explains sources, update cadence, and how the index uses its published inputs.
View methodology →
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