Which States Have the Most Financial Distress?

Nevada has the highest State Distress Index score at 85.4, followed by Louisiana (84.5), District of Columbia (75.9), New Mexico (73.9), and Oklahoma (73.8). These five jurisdictions share elevated delinquency rates across credit cards, auto loans, and mortgages. The remaining composition varies meaningfully across the four SDI domains: delinquency, default and legal, labor, and safety-net buffer. The composite score points the same direction; the channel through which the score accumulates is not the same across these states. The per-state domain breakdown is published with the interactive state map.

At the other end, New Hampshire (9.0), North Dakota (12.1), and South Dakota (15.5) show the least distress. A 76.4-point gap. Same federal interest rates. Same inflation. Same labor market cycle. The gap is not about the economy getting worse — it is about the economy getting worse in specific places for specific structural reasons. American Default Research publishes the American Distress Index nationally and the State Distress Index for geography, scoring all 51 jurisdictions across four domains of household financial distress.

At a Glance

85.4 Highest: Nevada State Distress Index · 51 jurisdictions
9.0 Lowest: New Hampshire State Distress Index · 51 jurisdictions
10 States in most distressed fifth Ranked highest by SDI
20 States in top two distress fifths Most distressed two quintiles
52.1 Median SDI score Cross-sectional mean: 50.0
20.3 Standard deviation across states Score range: 9.0–85.4

The national American Distress Index currently reads 44.6 (Typical). On average, its inputs sit higher than in 45% of their own quarterly histories since 2005. The national ADI tracks distress over time, ranking each input against its own quarterly history. The State Distress Index compares states to each other at a single point in time, revealing where household distress is concentrating geographically. See the interactive state map for a visual overview, or compare individual state foreclosure timelines alongside their distress scores.

All 51 Jurisdictions Ranked

State Distress Index scores for every state and DC, ranked from highest distress to lowest. Colors group states by distress quintile; rank #1 is the most distressed jurisdiction.

State Distress Index Scores — All 51 Jurisdictions

State Distress Index composite

What Is Driving the Highest Distress Scores?

Two states can have similar composite scores but arrive there through different mechanisms. One state can score high because of debt performance. Another because of the labor domain or safety-net buffer. The domain breakdown for the top 10 most distressed states shows where each score comes from.

Domain Breakdown — Top 10 Most Distressed States

Domains: Delinquency, Default & Legal, Labor, Safety Net & Buffer

How Many States Are in Each Distress Quintile?

The State Distress Index is cross-sectional. A middle-fifth state is not being labeled healthy or unhealthy; it is being placed in the middle of the current state distribution. Given that the national ADI reads 44.6, even a median-ranked state may have indicators that look distressed in isolation. Relative positioning and absolute distress are different questions.

Which Regions Have the Most Financial Distress?

Financial distress clusters geographically, which makes sense when you think about the structural factors. The South leads with an average State Distress Index of 65.0 — 11 of 14 states in the two most distressed fifths. The Midwest averages 39.9. These are not random clusters. The South combines weaker safety net programs, lower median wages, higher credit card delinquency, and faster population growth in states with thinner household financial buffers. Read the regional average as a policy outcome. Every input on that list traces back to a legislative choice made decades ago, compounded year over year. For a deeper analysis — including the Deep South and Sun Belt corridors — see the State Distress Rankings page.

Average State Distress Index by Region

Regions use Census Bureau definitions · DC included in Northeast

Region States Avg Score Top Two Fifths Most Distressed
South 14 65.0 11 Louisiana (84.5)
Northeast 12 48.4 2 District of Columbia (75.9)
West 13 44.6 4 Nevada (85.4)
Midwest 12 39.9 3 Michigan (72.2)

Which States Score Highest on Each Domain?

Different states struggle on different dimensions. Below are the five highest-scoring states on each State Distress Index domain. A state ranking high on multiple domains suggests broad-based systemic distress; one ranking high on a single domain may have a specific, identifiable vulnerability.

Delinquency

Credit card, auto, mortgage delinquency

Default & Legal

Collections and bankruptcy filings

StateScore
Alabama96.1
Georgia93.1
Louisiana89.2
Mississippi89.2
Nevada88.2

Labor

State unemployment rate

Safety Net & Buffer

SNAP enrollment

The Geographic Default Pattern

Two corridors of elevated distress emerge from the data. The Deep South corridor — Mississippi, Louisiana, Alabama, Georgia — combines high delinquency rates with high SNAP enrollment and weak safety nets. The Sun Belt corridor — Nevada, Florida, Arizona — shows distress driven by debt stress and rapid population growth that outpaced financial resilience. The least distressed fifth shares a different profile: low delinquency, stronger buffers, and above-average labor markets. Per-state domain breakdowns are on the interactive state map.

Read more: The Two-Economy Problem →

Full State Rankings

All 51 jurisdictions with composite score, rank, quintile, and four domain scores. Click a state name to see its full distress profile, indicator data, and foreclosure law summary.

Rank State Score Quintile Delinq. Default Labor Buffer
1 Nevada 85.4 Most distressed fifth 86.6 88.2 93.1 73.5
2 Louisiana 84.5 Most distressed fifth 95.8 89.2 59.8 93.1
3 District of Columbia 75.9 Most distressed fifth 93.8 13.7 99.0 97.1
4 New Mexico 73.9 Most distressed fifth 74.2 45.1 77.5 99.0
5 Oklahoma 73.8 Most distressed fifth 79.4 78.4 46.1 91.2
6 Delaware 72.7 Most distressed fifth 70.3 75.5 97.1 48.0
7 Michigan 72.2 Most distressed fifth 52.6 65.7 85.3 85.3
8 Illinois 70.9 Most distressed fifth 55.2 57.8 87.3 83.3
9 West Virginia 70.4 Most distressed fifth 74.8 53.9 63.7 89.2
10 Mississippi 70.3 Most distressed fifth 97.7 89.2 34.3 59.8
11 Georgia 69.1 Second-most distressed fifth 91.2 93.1 22.6 69.6
12 Kentucky 69.0 Second-most distressed fifth 65.0 87.3 52.0 71.6
13 Alabama 68.7 Second-most distressed fifth 88.6 96.1 8.8 81.4
14 Florida 67.4 Second-most distressed fifth 77.5 66.7 72.5 52.9
15 South Carolina 65.6 Second-most distressed fifth 86.0 56.9 81.4 38.2
16 Oregon 65.2 Second-most distressed fifth 27.4 47.1 91.2 95.1
17 Texas 64.8 Second-most distressed fifth 88.6 70.6 53.9 46.1
18 California 63.4 Second-most distressed fifth 44.8 38.2 95.1 75.5
19 Ohio 60.8 Second-most distressed fifth 57.8 71.6 48.0 65.7
20 Arkansas 60.2 Second-most distressed fifth 80.1 85.3 56.9 18.6
21 Maryland 59.7 Middle fifth 68.3 63.7 56.9 50.0
21 New York 59.7 Middle fifth 62.4 23.5 65.7 87.3
23 Pennsylvania 57.8 Middle fifth 58.5 43.1 50.0 79.4
24 Tennessee 53.8 Middle fifth 67.0 87.3 28.4 32.4
25 Rhode Island 52.3 Middle fifth 43.5 30.4 67.7 67.7
26 North Carolina 52.1 Middle fifth 72.2 46.1 32.4 57.8
27 Missouri 51.1 Middle fifth 54.6 65.7 40.2 44.1
28 New Jersey 50.7 Middle fifth 48.7 40.2 83.3 30.4
29 Arizona 49.5 Middle fifth 59.8 59.8 69.6 8.8
30 Connecticut 49.4 Middle fifth 48.7 35.3 79.4 34.3
31 Washington 47.1 Middle fifth 16.7 29.4 89.2 52.9
32 Massachusetts 45.5 Second-least distressed fifth 21.2 7.8 75.5 77.5
33 Indiana 44.2 Second-least distressed fifth 63.1 74.5 16.7 22.6
34 Virginia 40.9 Second-least distressed fifth 44.1 53.9 37.3 28.4
35 Alaska 38.4 Second-least distressed fifth 21.2 23.5 72.5 36.3
36 Colorado 38.2 Second-least distressed fifth 33.0 34.3 43.1 42.2
37 Kansas 36.8 Second-least distressed fifth 42.2 54.9 43.1 6.9
38 Wisconsin 33.7 Second-least distressed fifth 8.2 44.1 20.6 61.8
39 Minnesota 30.5 Second-least distressed fifth 8.2 31.4 61.8 20.6
40 Maine 29.9 Second-least distressed fifth 22.6 26.5 14.7 55.9
41 Iowa 29.5 Second-least distressed fifth 31.7 42.2 18.6 25.5
42 Hawaii 26.0 Least distressed fifth 26.5 10.8 2.9 63.7
43 Idaho 24.9 Least distressed fifth 19.3 39.2 30.4 10.8
44 Utah 24.4 Least distressed fifth 3.6 53.9 37.3 2.9
45 Wyoming 23.3 Least distressed fifth 24.5 42.2 25.5 1.0
46 Nebraska 22.0 Least distressed fifth 19.3 41.2 10.8 16.7
47 Montana 20.3 Least distressed fifth 16.7 26.5 25.5 12.8
48 Vermont 17.6 Least distressed fifth 15.7 7.8 6.9 40.2
49 South Dakota 15.5 Least distressed fifth 23.9 11.8 1.0 25.5
50 North Dakota 12.1 Least distressed fifth 10.1 18.6 4.9 14.7
51 New Hampshire 9.0 Least distressed fifth 7.5 10.8 12.8 4.9

Frequently Asked Questions

Which state has the highest financial distress?

Nevada has the highest State Distress Index score at 85.4, ranking #1 of 51 jurisdictions and sitting in the most distressed fifth. Louisiana (84.5) and District of Columbia (75.9) round out the top three.

Which state has the lowest financial distress?

New Hampshire has the lowest State Distress Index score at 9.0, ranking #51 of 51 jurisdictions and sitting in the least distressed fifth.

How is the State Distress Index calculated?

The State Distress Index is the mean of four equal-weighted domains: delinquency, default and legal, labor, and safety-net buffer. Each domain is built from state-level input percentile ranks, with higher values indicating more distress. Data sources include the NY Fed, BLS, USDA, and U.S. Courts.

How does the State Distress Index differ from the national ADI?

The national ADI ranks each of its inputs against that input's own quarterly history — it tracks how the present compares with the nation's own past. The State Distress Index compares states to each other at a point in time. The national ADI currently reads 44.6 (Typical). On average, its inputs sit higher than in 45% of their own quarterly histories since 2005. State scores range from 9.0 to 85.4.

Which region has the highest average financial distress?

The South has the highest average State Distress Index score at 65.0, with 11 of 14 states in the two most distressed fifths. Louisiana (84.5) is the most distressed state in the region. The Midwest averages 39.9.

Data Sources

NY Fed Consumer Credit Panel

State-level credit card, auto loan, and mortgage delinquency rates. Quarterly data from a nationally representative 5% sample of Equifax credit reports.

BLS, USDA, U.S. Courts

State unemployment rates (LAUS), SNAP enrollment (FNS), and bankruptcy filings per 100K (Administrative Office). Updated monthly or annually.

CFPB, State Statutes, KFF

Mortgage complaint density per 100K, foreclosure legal protections scoring, Medicaid enrollment rates, and HAF program status. Multiple federal and state sources.

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